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HEMA TEST 3

001 1. role of endothelial cells AT - prostacyclin, NO, TFPI, tPA, uPA PT - VWF, PAI, TAFI 2. platelet structure peripheral = glycocalyx sol gel = utubule coil, open canalicular, dense tubular inner organelle BM produce plat 7-10d TPO in liver, kidney, BM lifespan 8-12d 3. primary hemostasis adhesion activation aggregation  4. VWF cleave by ADAM  bind site: collagen, plat, heparin, FVIII synthesis site: endothelial & megaK plat adhesion, protect FVIII 002  1. coagulation cascade/secondary hemostasis extrinsic/initiation TF+VIIa intrinsic/amplification XII=XI=IX common/propagation X to Xa  PT to T = thrombin burst fibrinogen to fibrin 2. natural inhibitor C&S = VIIIa, Va, PAI inhibitor TFPI = extrinsic AT = thrombin, intrinsic & common inhibitor 3. fibrinolysis  plasminogen to plasmin by tPA, uPA ((PAI inhibit tPA, uPA ((a2 antiplasmin & macroglobulin inhibit plasmin fibrin clot to FDP  ((fibrin inhibit by TAFI clear by RES ((thrombin + throm...
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PLATELET

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hemostasis blood vessel subendothelial ECM: collagen, basement membrane, VWF, microfibril, elastin, mucopolysaccharides, fibronectin, laminin role of endothelial cells antithrombin properties: produce prostacyclin & NO secrete CD39 (ADPase) glycocalyx TFPI receptor for thrombin & PC tPA & uPA prothrombin: secrete VWF  increased expression of adhesion molecules express TF  secretion of PAI-1 & TAFI injury: vasoconstriction reduce blood flow to affected area prevent exsanguination facilitate plat & coagulation contact with TF & subendothelial collagen  amine & TXA2 platelet normal: 250x10^9/L lifespan: 8-12d content peripheral zone: glycocalyx sol-gel: utubule coil, open canalicular system, dense tubular system  inner organelle: granules, mitochondria, actin  production site: BM time: 7-10d regulator: TPO in liver, kidney, BM  VWF multimeric  cleave by ADAM binding site: collagen, plat, heparin, FVIII synthesis site: endotheli...
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Lymphatic System

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McQ pass year -30 questions, 9 questions about immune ((not much for cell mediated and antibody mediated  Saq fill in blank some from book, true false about immune  Lymph flow @ node  (a) Define innate and adaptive immunity (4 marks) innate - naturally occurring response to wide range of pathogen adaptive - activation of specific lymphocytes to combat particular foreign substances (b) List the differences between innate and adaptive immunity (6 marks).  innate - rapid, non specific, no specific recognition of pathogen, no memory, low diversity  adaptive 倒反来，记啥记 (c) Explain the functions of lymphatic system vessel drain excess interstitial fluid from tissue spaces & return it back to blood  transport dietary lipid from GIT to blood - lipid soluble vitamin这种 carry out immune response  (d) How is the lymphatic capillary different from a blood capillary? LC- conduct lymph , larger diameter, 1 closed end 1 open, low plasma protein , more permeable, ...
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TEST 2 & OSPE 2

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MTF chigger mite, dermodex, pediculosis, scrub typhus, japanese river fever all mosquito - larvae, virus - siphon plasmodium-erythrocyte cleared by what phagocyte  strongyloides hookworm  trematodes - schistosoma, paragonimus, liver flukes SBAQ IFN-y & IL-12 s. hematobium eggs - terminal spine cestode - diphyllobothrium latum, taenia, spirometra mansonoides  trematode - heterophyes2 SAQ Sarcoptes scabiei - genus & sp, ds, pathogenesis, prevention Ascaris lumbricoides - pathogenesis, MOT, chronic intestinal complication Schistosoma  MOT: Skin penetration by cercaria  schistosomulae - portal vein - liver - mature - target system - lay eggs - eggs hatch - miracidia penetrate tissue - snail - sporocyst - cercaria  acute: Katayama fever, leukocytosis, hepatosplenomegaly  chronic: granuloma  venous plexus of bladder/mesenteric venules of rectum & bowel  mansoni - lateral spine 逗号 with mature miracidium 内  hematobium - terminal spi...
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