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Showing posts from October, 2025

HEMATOLOGY

1. Hematopoiesis  production of blood cells 2. Blood fx transportation - carry O2, CO2 regulate body temp, pH, electrolytes transport waste to kidney - excrete as urine protection - wbc  clotting - stop internal & external bleeding  3. Component - based on density  55% plasma  1% wbc & platelet  45% rbc - Fe heavy, carry O2 4. Site  yolk sac - 1-3 mth embryo liver & spleen - fetus  BM - 6 mth onwards  tibia  femur rib  sternum vertebrae  5. BM environment  fats & rbc wbc red BM replace by fats - prone to anemia, aging  6. HSC self-renew multipotentiality differentiation - myeloid or lymphoid lineage  7. Surface markers identification for cells - Ag  flow cytometry - cell pass laser beam, fluorescence labeled Ab detect wbc occupy BM, suppress rbc, cause anemia & thrombocytopenia  8. Cytokines/HGF regulator - protein/peptide/hormone - myeloid, lymphoid  9. Cytokines fx fx stimulat...