ANS
- effector: cardiac, smooth muscle, gland
- efferent pathway & ganglia: 2 neuron chain - pre & postganglionic
- slower conduction than somatic due to thin/unmyelinated axon & motor neuron synapse in ganglion
- neurotransmitter effects: SNS NE, PNS Ach - excitatory or inhibitory
Somatic NS
- effector: skeletal
- efferent pathway & ganglia: motor neuron cell body in CNS, their axon extend in spinal/cranial nerve
- neurotransmitter effects: Ach - excitatory
SNS
- fight or flight
- long postganglionic
- highly branched
PNS
- rest & digest
- short postganglionic
- few branched - local effect
Ach + cholinergic receptor
- nicotinic in postganglionic neuron
- muscarinic in effector - PNS
NE + adrenergic receptor in viscera effector
Organ | NS | Receptor |
|
Skin | SNS | a1 | Vasoconstriction Cold skin Saves blood for vital organs Sweat Arrector pilli |
Lung | SNS | B2 | Bronchodilation |
PNS | M3 | Bronchoconstriction |
Heart | SNS | B1 | HR Contractility Conduction velocity |
PNS | M2 | Vagus nerve |
Kidney | SNS | B1 | Renin secretion |
a | Constrict afferent/efferent arteriole Decrease GFR Limit Na/H2O excretion Increase Na/H2O retention |
GIT | SNS | a1 | Sphincter constrict Vasoconstriction |
PNS | - | Sphincter relax Increase motility |
Salivary gland | SNS | - |
|
PNS | M3 | Activated by food smell, sight |
Eye | SNS | a1 | Mydriasis Far vision More light |
PNS | M3 | Miosis Ciliary muscle constrict Near vision |
Liver & adipose | SNS | - | Glyconenolysis Gluconeogenesis Lipolysis |
Uterus | SNS | a1 | Contract @ delivery |
Male sexual | SNS | - | Ejaculation 射精 Detumescence 消肿 |
PNS | - | Smooth muscle relax - increase blood flow Corpora swell - erection |
Adrenal gland | SNS | Nicotinic | Ach 80% EP 20% NE |
Sweat gland | SNS | M3 | Ach |
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